语言学的发展与语言哲学有着密切的联系。为了掌握国际语言学和语言哲学的最新动向、促进国内语言学和语言哲学研究的结合和提高,8040www威尼斯和美国Rutgers大学认知科学研究中心决定联合举办2011年北航语言学与语言哲学国际论坛,时间为2011年8月22日至26日,地点为8040www威尼斯。
本论坛将由美国的四名著名教授讲学,分别介绍他们最新的研究。论坛将针对3个题目分别安排5次讲座(其中两名教授将合作讲同一题目)。论坛之后紧接着是在北京师范大学举行的“语言与价值”国际学术研讨会(2011年8月26至27日),这四名教授也将前去参加并做特邀发言。
本论坛的讲座教授以及讲座信息如下:
讲座教授
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讲座题目(每个题目做5讲)
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Ernest Lepore
美国Rutgers大学认知科学研究中心主任、教授
Matthew Stone
美国Rutgers大学计算机系教授
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Convention and Implicit Meanings
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Peter Ludlow
美国Michigan大学哲学系及语言学系教授
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The Dynamic Lexicon: How Word Meanings and Conceptual Pacts are Negotiated
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Paul Pietroski
美国Maryland大学哲学系及语言学系教授
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Meanings as Instructions for How to Build Concepts
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附:讲座摘要
Convention and Implicit Meanings
This talk pursues a neglected distinction in the Gricean program: the distinction between the information a speaker intends to get across by an utterance and does mean, and the information he intends to get across but does not mean. One can agree that language use is purposeful activity and still deny that speaker meaning includes everything a speaker recognizably intends to get across with an utterance. Speakers have many ways to get ideas across, and they can often suggest, reveal, show or demonstrate their views without making them a matter of meaning. Speaker meaning, in our view, specifically involves using coordination to contribute information to conversation; it therefore involves distinctive knowledge, context and content. We use the contrast between implicatures due to discourse coherence (meant, in our view) from those due to metaphorical interpretation and "flouting the maxims" (not meant, in our view) to show how our view clarifies the analysis of meaning and intention in dialogue.
The Dynamic Lexicon: How Word Meanings and Conceptual Pacts are Negotiated
In Ludlow (2000, 2005, 2006), I made the case for what I called microlanguages – one-off languages that are constructed on the fly by discourse participants. The key idea behind this was that the standard “static” view of the lexicon is badly mistaken and that discourse participants routinely mint new linguistic items, and that so-called common coins are placed in and out of circulation all the time. Crucially, (i) the meanings of common coin lexical items are underdetermined, and (ii) their meanings are dynamic – in the sense that their meanings are narrowed and broadened, sharpened and loosened on a conversation-by-conversation basis. Borrowing a term from Recanati, we can say that word meanings undergo modulation.
In these lectures I explain the mechanisms underlying the dynamic lexicon and then pursue the consequ